{"id":2664,"date":"2024-11-20T23:45:55","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T23:45:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/hipofiz-adenomu\/"},"modified":"2025-05-11T12:38:11","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T12:38:11","slug":"hipofiz-adenomu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/hipofiz-adenomu\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipofiz Adenomu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hipofiz-adenomu-nedir\">Hipofiz adenomu nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz adenomu, hipofiz bezinden kaynaklanan iyi huylu bir beyin t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hipofiz-bezi-nerede-bulunur-ve-islevleri-nelerdir\">Hipofiz bezi nerede bulunur ve i\u015flevleri nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d4f81ca1484&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d4f81ca1484\" class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pituitary-adenoma-content-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-572\" style=\"width:300px\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz bezi kafatas\u0131 taban\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda beynin alt\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Sfenoid sin\u00fcste burun bo\u015flu\u011funun \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki &#8220;sella turcica&#8221; (T\u00fcrk eyeri) i\u00e7inde yuvalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle hipofiz bezi beyin ve burun bo\u015flu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer endokrin bezleri kontrol eder ve bu nedenle endokrin sistemin &#8220;orkestra \u015fefi&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz bezinin farkl\u0131 i\u015flevleri olan iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc vard\u0131r. \u00d6n k\u0131s\u0131m veya adenohipofiz, \u00e7e\u015fitli hormonlar \u00fcretir ve salg\u0131lar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d4f81ca1f12&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d4f81ca1f12\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized is-style-default wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pituitary-adenoma-content-2.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-573\" style=\"width:600px\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>GH (b\u00fcy\u00fcme hormonu) kemik ve di\u011fer baz\u0131 dokular\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fmesinden sorumlu hormondur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TSH (tiroid uyar\u0131c\u0131 hormon) tiroid bezinin i\u015flevini kontrol eden tek bir hormondur. Bez \u00fczerindeki do\u011frudan etkisi, daha fazla tiroid hormonu \u00fcretmesi i\u00e7in onu uyarmakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ACTH (adrenokortikotropik hormon), adrenal bezleri kortizol gibi daha fazla steroid hormon \u00fcretmeleri i\u00e7in uyaran bir hormondur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LH (luteinizan hormon) ve FSH (folik\u00fcl uyar\u0131c\u0131 hormon) &#8211; hem kad\u0131nlarda hem de erkeklerde bu hormonlar \u00fcreme sisteminin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PRL (prolaktin) emzirme d\u00f6neminde meme dokusu taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fct \u00fcretimini uyaran bir hormondur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Arka k\u0131s\u0131m veya n\u00f6rohipofiz, vazopressin (AKA antidi\u00fcretik hormon &#8211; su dengesini kontrol eder) ve oksitosin (do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda rahim kas\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder) depolar ve salg\u0131lar. Oksitosin, insanlar sosyal ba\u011f kurduklar\u0131nda salg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in &#8220;kucakla\u015fma hormonu&#8221; veya &#8220;a\u015fk hormonu&#8221; olarak da bilinir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d4f81ca2f5e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d4f81ca2f5e\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pituitary-adenoma-content-3.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-574\" style=\"width:500px\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz bezinin kendisi, bezin hemen \u00fczerinde bulunan ve hipotalamus ad\u0131 verilen beyin b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilir. Hipofiz bezi ile hipotalamus aras\u0131ndaki anatomik ili\u015fki benzersizdir. Hipofiz sap\u0131, hipotalamus ile hipofiz aras\u0131ndaki anatomik bir ba\u011flant\u0131d\u0131r. Oksitosin ve vazopressin gibi n\u00f6rohipofiz hormonlar\u0131 hipotalamusta \u00fcretilir ve sap yoluyla hipofize iletilir. Ayr\u0131ca, hipotalamustan ka\u00e7an ven\u00f6z kan sistemik dola\u015f\u0131ma girmez. Daha ziyade, hipofiz sap\u0131 yoluyla hipofiz bezine akar. Bu nedenle, hipotalamus taraf\u0131ndan sal\u0131nan kontrol hormonlar\u0131 do\u011frudan hipofize ula\u015fabilir. Hipofiz sap\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc normal hipofiz fonksiyonu i\u00e7in esast\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hipofiz-adenomu-turleri-nelerdir\">Hipofiz adenomu t\u00fcrleri nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz adenomlar\u0131 ya b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerine ya da hormon durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adenomun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mikroadenom, boyutu 1 cm&#8217;den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir t\u00fcm\u00f6rd\u00fcr<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Makroadenom 1 cm&#8217;den b\u00fcy\u00fck bir t\u00fcm\u00f6rd\u00fcr<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Adenomun hormonal durumuna g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hormon aktif adenom:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prolaktinoma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tireotropinoma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kortikotropinoma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gonadotropinoma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Somatotropinoma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hormon inaktif adenom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hipofiz-adenomunun-belirtileri-nelerdir\">Hipofiz adenomunun belirtileri nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz adenomu klinik olarak endokrin bozukluk ve\/veya yak\u0131n yap\u0131lar \u00fczerinde bas\u0131 etkisi ile kendini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Endokrin bozukluklar adenomun hormonal durumuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcm\u00f6r fazla miktarda hormon \u00fcretiyorsa (hormon aktif adenom), genellikle semptomlar belirli bir hormonun fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgilidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prolaktinoma &#8211; genellikle galaktore ile kendini g\u00f6sterir &#8211; yani meme u\u00e7lar\u0131ndan anormal s\u00fct veya s\u00fct benzeri madde ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131. Kad\u0131nlarda adet d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc genellikle d\u00fczensizdir. Erkeklerde libido ve ereksiyon azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tirotropinoma- TSH fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tiroid bezini daha fazla tiroid hormonu \u00fcretmesi ve salg\u0131lamas\u0131 i\u00e7in uyar\u0131r. Hastada tipik hipertiroidi semptomlar\u0131 geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d4f81ca4042&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d4f81ca4042\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pituitary-adenoma-content-5.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-576\" style=\"width:500px\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Kortikotropinoma &#8211; artm\u0131\u015f ACDH adrenalleri a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda steroid hormonu sentezlemek ve salmak i\u00e7in uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu genellikle Cushing hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Tipik olarak hastalarda obezite, hipertansiyon (y\u00fcksek tansiyon) ve hiperglisemi (kanda \u015feker art\u0131\u015f\u0131) g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d4f81ca4986&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d4f81ca4986\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pituitary-adenoma-content-6.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-577\" style=\"width:500px\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gonadotropinoma, FSH veya LH \u00fcreten bir hipofiz adenomu t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu hormonlar\u0131n seviyeleri artmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yumurtal\u0131klar ve testisler uyar\u0131lmaz. Bu t\u00fcr hormonal fazlal\u0131k hi\u00e7 belirti vermeyebilir. E\u011fer semptomlar varsa, bunlar genellikle \u00fcreme fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131lanmas\u0131yla ilgilidir. K\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k, libido kayb\u0131 ve adet bozukluklar\u0131 ola\u011fan semptomlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Somatotropinoma sunumu \u00e7ocuklarda ve yeti\u015fkinlerde farkl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklar b\u00fcy\u00fcme yetene\u011fine sahip olduklar\u0131ndan, artan miktarda b\u00fcy\u00fcme hormonu anormal b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye neden olur &#8211; gigantizm olarak bilinen bir durum. Yeti\u015fkinlerde sadece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kemikler b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Genellikle eller, bacaklar ve y\u00fcz etkilenerek akromegaliye yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hormonal a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 salg\u0131 semptomlar\u0131na ek olarak, hipofiz adenomu normal hipofiz bezinin s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden olabilir ve hipopit\u00fcitarizme, yani normal hipofiz fonksiyonunun kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz adenomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 di\u011fer bir semptom grubu ise kitle etkisinden kaynaklan\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, b\u00fcy\u00fcyen t\u00fcm\u00f6rler yak\u0131ndaki yap\u0131lara bask\u0131 yapabilir ve n\u00f6rolojik defisitlere neden olabilir. Optik sinirler hipofiz bezinin hemen \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7er ve en yayg\u0131n olarak etkilenir, bu da g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Tipik olarak, optik kiazma tehlikeye girer ve yanlarda g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131na neden olur. Bu hastalar genellikle g\u00f6rme alanlar\u0131nda daralmadan \u015fikayet ederler. G\u00f6rme kayb\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ameliyat i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli endikasyonlardan biri olarak kabul edildi\u011finden \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. T\u00fcm\u00f6r yana do\u011fru uzan\u0131rsa kavern\u00f6z sin\u00fcs\u00fc istila edebilir. Kavern\u00f6z sin\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en ince sinirler s\u0131k\u0131\u015fabilir ve tehlikeye girerek \u00e7ift g\u00f6rmeye yol a\u00e7abilir. Nadir durumlarda t\u00fcm\u00f6rler devasa boyutlara ula\u015farak beyni istila edebilir. Bu vakalarda genellikle n\u00f6betler ve\/veya <a href=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/hidrosefali\/\">hidrosefali<\/a> g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bazen t\u00fcm\u00f6r burun bo\u015flu\u011funa do\u011fru a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Burun bo\u015flu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131racak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in uzun s\u00fcre sessiz kalabilir. Sonunda burun bo\u015flu\u011fu t\u0131kanarak apneye yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir hipofiz t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve yak\u0131ndaki yap\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131na izin verir. Yine de baz\u0131 vakalarda hipofiz apopleksisi geli\u015ferek h\u0131zl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu durum ya adenom i\u00e7ine kanama ya da t\u00fcm\u00f6r \u015fi\u015fmesine neden olan iskemik bir olaydan kaynaklan\u0131r. Her durumda, geni\u015fleyen t\u00fcm\u00f6r kitlesi optik siniri ve normal hipofizi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131na ve hipopit\u00fcitarizme neden olur. Hipofiz apopleksisi, optik sinirler \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 azaltmak ve g\u00f6rmeyi korumak i\u00e7in t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn derhal \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren acil bir durumdur. Cerrahi prosed\u00fcrlerdeki gecikmeler kal\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hipofiz-adenomu-nasil-tedavi-edilir\">Hipofiz adenomu nas\u0131l tedavi edilir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz adenomlar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde endokrinolojik ve n\u00f6ro\u015fir\u00fcrjikal perspektifler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Endokrinolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, v\u00fccudun hormonal dengesinin yeniden sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Beyin cerrahlar\u0131 ise sinir yap\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 hafifletmeye odaklan\u0131r. Bu nedenle, genellikle bu hastalar endokrinologlar ve beyin cerrahlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan tedavi edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prolaktinomalar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta t\u0131bbi tedavi ile tedavi edilebilir. Dopamin agonisti ila\u00e7lar t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini bask\u0131layabilir ve kitle etkilerini hafifletebilir. Bununla birlikte, t\u0131bbi tedavinin \u00e7e\u015fitli handikaplar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak, baz\u0131 durumlarda bu tedavi t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini kontrol etmekte ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak, hastalar ilac\u0131n yan etkilerini tolere edemeyebilir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, dopamin agonist tedavisi t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri fibrotik hale getirir ve cerrahi olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. T\u0131bbi tedavinin bir di\u011fer handikap\u0131 da hipofiz apopleksisi riskinin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artmas\u0131d\u0131r. Dopamin agonisti tedavisi alan t\u00fcm hastalar bu komplikasyon hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirilmeli ve ani g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131 vakalar\u0131nda derhal beyin cerrahisi m\u00fcdahalesine ba\u015fvurmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Somatotropinomlar genellikle ameliyatla tedavi edilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tamamen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 tedaviye yol a\u00e7ar. Cerrahi olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya uygun olmayan rezid\u00fcel t\u00fcm\u00f6rler veya adenomlar somatostatin tedavisi ile tedavi edilir. Bu sentetik hormon, t\u00fcm\u00f6rden b\u00fcy\u00fcme hormonu salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kortikotropinomlar MR ile tespit edilemeyecek kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olabildikleri i\u00e7in zor t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerdir. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin yerini belirlemek i\u00e7in ek testler ve hatta ke\u015fif ameliyat\u0131 gerekebilir. Kortikotropinoma cerrahisinin bir ba\u015fka y\u00f6n\u00fc de f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 ameliyat sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemdir. Bu hastalarda ameliyattan sonra \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fen steroid hormon seviyesi artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, bu hastalar ameliyat sonras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli steroid yoksunlu\u011fu semptomlar\u0131 ya\u015fayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gonadotropinomlar ve hormonal olarak inaktif t\u00fcm\u00f6rler kitle etkisi olmad\u0131k\u00e7a tedavi edilmez. Bu tip hipofiz adenomlar\u0131 i\u00e7in konservatif bir tedavi mevcut de\u011fildir ve ameliyat tek se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz adenomlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ameliyat genellikle burun bo\u015flu\u011fundan yap\u0131l\u0131r ve en zor n\u00f6ro\u015fir\u00fcrji prosed\u00fcrlerinden biri olarak kabul edilir. Cerrah t\u00fcm\u00f6re yakla\u015fmak ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in mikroskop veya endoskop kullanabilir. Son y\u0131llarda, giderek artan say\u0131da beyin cerrah\u0131 hipofiz cerrahisi i\u00e7in endoskop kullanmaktad\u0131r. Burun bo\u015flu\u011fu \u00e7ok dard\u0131r ve d\u00fczensiz bir \u015fekle sahiptir, bu da cerrahi manip\u00fclasyonu zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, hipofiz bezi burun bo\u015flu\u011funun en derin k\u0131sm\u0131nda, sfenoid sin\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131r. Ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda sfenoid sin\u00fcs burun bo\u015flu\u011fundan a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Daha sonra sella taban\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131larak t\u00fcm\u00f6r g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipofiz cerrahisinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7e\u015fitli engeller vard\u0131r. Karotid arterler hipofiz bezinin her iki yan\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er ve cerrah i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli sorunlar olu\u015fturur. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli husus da beyin omurilik s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Normalde hipofiz bezi ve adenom beyinden diaphragma sellae ad\u0131 verilen ince bir zarla ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu zar ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasar g\u00f6rebilir ve burundan beyin omurilik s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir &#8211; rinore. Burun bo\u015flu\u011fu enfekte bir b\u00f6lge oldu\u011fundan, BOS s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 potansiyel olarak hayat\u0131 tehdit eden bir durum olan menenjite neden olabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hipofiz adenomlar\u0131n\u0131n potansiyel nedenlerini, yayg\u0131n semptomlar\u0131n\u0131, tan\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerini ve tedavi se\u00e7eneklerini ke\u015ffedin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3837,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24,25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hastaliklar","category-beyin-hastaliklari"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2664","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2664"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2664\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}