{"id":2746,"date":"2024-11-20T23:47:18","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T23:47:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/servikal-disk-herniasyonu\/"},"modified":"2025-05-11T12:43:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T12:43:13","slug":"servikal-disk-herniasyonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/servikal-disk-herniasyonu\/","title":{"rendered":"Servikal Disk Herniasyonu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-the-cervical-disc-herniation\">Servikal disk herniasyonu (boyun f\u0131t\u0131\u011f\u0131) nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Servikal disk herniasyonu, dejenere olmu\u015f intervertebral diskin vertebral kanala kayarak sinir k\u00f6k\u00fc ve\/veya omurilik bas\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-the-structure-of-the-cervical-spine\">Servikal omurgan\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d28b0ebd029&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d28b0ebd029\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/cervical-disc-herniation-content-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-538\" style=\"width:auto;height:250px\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsan ba\u015f\u0131 ve boynu, yedi omur kemi\u011fi ve bunlar aras\u0131ndaki eklemlerden olu\u015fan servikal omurgalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan desteklenir. Omurilik, servikal omurgan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki vertebral kanaldan ge\u00e7er. Her seviyede omurilik bir \u00e7ift sinir verir ve bunlar intervertebral foramenlerden \u00e7\u0131karak omurili\u011fi terk eder. Bu sinirler omurili\u011fe giden ve omurilikten gelen sinyalleri ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kom\u015fu omurga kemikleri bir adet b\u00fcy\u00fck disk eklemi ve iki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck faset eklemi ile birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Disk eklemi, <em>nukleus pulposus<\/em> ad\u0131 verilen yumu\u015fak, elastik bir i\u00e7 nukleus pulposus ve <em>anulus fibrozus<\/em> ad\u0131 verilen sert bir d\u0131\u015f halkaya sahiptir. Nukleus, benzersiz, jelimsi bir maddeden olu\u015fur ve kom\u015fu omur kemikleri aras\u0131nda elastik bir yay g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Omurgan\u0131n hareketlili\u011fini sa\u011flar ve \u015fok emici bir tampon g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Disk eklemini bir ba\u015fka \u00f6zelli\u011fi de kan damarlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer v\u00fccut organlar\u0131n\u0131n aksine intervertebral eklemler kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na sahip de\u011fildir, bunun yerine kom\u015fu vertebral kemiklerden besin ve oksijen al\u0131rlar. Bu nedenle diskin i\u00e7indeki hayatta kalma ko\u015fullar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a serttir. \u00c7ok az oksijen ve besin mevcut. Bu ortamda sadece son derece \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f kondrosit benzeri h\u00fccreler hayatta kalabilir. Nukleusun bir di\u011fer ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelli\u011fi de bol miktarda su, spesifik tipte kolajen ve proteoglikanlar i\u00e7ermesidir. N\u00fckleus, bu bile\u015fenler sayesinde benzersiz mekanik \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-disc-degeneration-and-how-it-leads-to-cervical-disc-herniation\">Disk dejenerasyonu nedir ve servikal disk herniasyonuna nas\u0131l yol a\u00e7ar?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Disk eklemi i\u00e7inde s\u00fcrekli bir de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00f6z konusudur. Herhangi bir mekanik bile\u015fen gibi, disk eklemi de mekanik y\u00fck nedeniyle a\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Nukleusun i\u00e7indeki h\u00fccreler at\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve kay\u0131p par\u00e7alar\u0131 yeniler. Diskin i\u00e7inde y\u0131pranma ve yenilenme aras\u0131nda ince bir denge vard\u0131r. Hayat\u0131n bir noktas\u0131nda yenileme a\u015f\u0131nmaya ayak uyduramaz. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, n\u00fckleus pulposus su kaybeder, b\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcr ve par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 disk dejenerasyonu olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Tedavisi olmayan, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f disk par\u00e7alar\u0131 anulus fibrozusu y\u0131rtarak kanala do\u011fru kayar. Bu durum servikal disk <strong>herniasyonu<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. F\u0131t\u0131kla\u015fan par\u00e7alar kanala girdikten sonra omurili\u011fe ve sinirlere bask\u0131 yapar. Servikal sinir k\u00f6k\u00fc s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, durum servikal spondilotik <strong>radik\u00fclopati<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d28b0ebe144&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d28b0ebe144\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/cervical-disc-herniation-content-2.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-539\" style=\"width:480px;height:auto\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0130ntervertebral foramende bir sinir k\u00f6k\u00fcne bask\u0131 yapan disk herniasyonunun \u015fematik resmi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Omurilik s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na spondilotik <strong>miyelopati<\/strong> denir. Miyelopati, radik\u00fclopatiden daha ciddi bir durumdur ve derhal tedavi edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-cervical-stenosis-and-how-it-develops\">Servikal stenoz nedir ve nas\u0131l geli\u015fir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dejenerasyon her zaman servikal disk herniasyonu ile sonu\u00e7lanmaz. Asl\u0131nda, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman hasarl\u0131 \u00e7ekirdek par\u00e7alanma ve f\u0131t\u0131kla\u015fma olmadan yava\u015f\u00e7a a\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Di\u011fer durumlarda par\u00e7alar f\u0131t\u0131kla\u015fma olmaks\u0131z\u0131n disk eklemi i\u00e7inde kal\u0131r. Zamanla eklem v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6ker. Fizyolojik disk y\u00fcksekli\u011finin bu \u015fekilde kademeli olarak kayb\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli mekanizmalar yoluyla spinal stenoza yol a\u00e7ar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ta\u015fma<\/strong>. Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 n\u00fckleus bir yay gibidir ve omurlar\u0131n birbirinden ayr\u0131, belli mesafede kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellik normal disk y\u00fcksekli\u011fini korumak i\u00e7in gereklidir. Dejenerasyon nedeniyle n\u00fckleusun zay\u0131flamas\u0131yla disk y\u00fcksekli\u011fi giderek azal\u0131r ve bu da anulus fibrozus ve posterior longitudinal ligamentin d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru bombele\u015fmesine neden olur. Sonu\u00e7 olarak spinal kanal daral\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ligament\u00f6z hipertrofi.<\/strong> N\u00fckleus pulpous kayb\u0131 ile kom\u015fu vertebra hafif\u00e7e dengesiz hale gelir. Bu nedenle, stabiliteyi yeniden sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in di\u011fer destekleyici yap\u0131lar\u0131n geni\u015flemesi gerekir. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ligamenta_flava#:~:text=The%20ligamenta%20flava%20(%20sg.%20%3A,vertebral%20column%20straightens%20after%20flexion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ligamentum flavum<\/a> bunlardan biridir ve hipertrofisi disk dejenerasyonu i\u00e7in telafi edici bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, ligamentum flavum hipertrofisi spinal kanalda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daralmaya neden olur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130ntervertebral foraminal y\u00fckseklik kayb\u0131. <\/strong>Dejenerasyon disk \u00e7\u00f6kmesine neden olur ve b\u00f6ylece omur kemikleri birbirine yakla\u015f\u0131r. Netice olarak, intervertebral foramina y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ve alan\u0131 olduk\u00e7a azal\u0131r ve bu da sinir k\u00f6k\u00fcn s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Unco-vertebral eklem hipertrofisi ve deformasyonu.<\/strong> Unko-vertebral eklemler (UVE), alt vertebran\u0131n unsinat \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00fcst vertebran\u0131n eklem y\u00fczeyleri taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan \u00e7ift eklemlerdir. Unko-vertebral eklemler disk eklemini \u00e7evreler, yani disk eklemi sol ve sa\u011f UVE&#8217;ler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Disk y\u00fcksekli\u011finin azalmas\u0131 ile UVJ \u00fczerindeki mekanik y\u00fck artar ve bu da hipertrofi, osteofit olu\u015fumu ve deformite ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r. Servikal spinal sinir k\u00f6kleri UVE&#8217;lerin hemen posterior ve lateralindeki intervertebral foraminadan ge\u00e7er ve hipertrofi nedeniyle s\u0131k\u0131\u015fabilir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hipertrofi, unsinat prosesin lateralinden ge\u00e7en vertebral arterin rotasyonel bas\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle <strong>bow hunter sendromuna <\/strong>neden olabilir. Nadir durumlarda hastalarda beyne kan gitmemesi nedeniyle inme bile geli\u015febilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Osteofit olu\u015fumu.<\/strong> Normalde, v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nin y\u00fck\u00fc, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 nukleusun visko-elastik \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde disk bo\u015flu\u011fu i\u00e7inde e\u015fit olarak da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r. Dejenerasyon e\u015fit olmayan y\u00fck da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kemik b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini tetikler. Bu t\u00fcr ekstra kemik \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 spinal kanal\u0131 veya n\u00f6ral foramini daraltarak lomber stenozu olu\u015fturur. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dejeneratif spondilolistezis ve retrolistezis. <\/strong>Baz\u0131 durumlarda, disk dejenerasyonu d\u00fczg\u00fcn omur diziliminin kayb\u0131na neden olur. Destekleyici ba\u011flar ve faset eklemleri instabiliteyi kompanse edemezse omur kemikleri normal hizas\u0131n\u0131 kaybedebilir. Dejeneratif instabilite omur kemi\u011finin \u00f6ne (spondilolistezis veya anterolistezis), arkaya (retrolistezis) kaymas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu t\u00fcr dizilim bozulmas\u0131 darl\u0131\u011fa katk\u0131da bulunur ve sinir k\u00f6klerinin s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na veya gerilmesine neden olabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kifoz<\/strong>. Normalde, servikal omurga lordoz olarak bilinen \u00f6ne do\u011fru bir e\u011frili\u011fe sahiptir. Omurga, yandan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda karakterik \u00e7ift S \u015feklinde bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm veren, \u00f6ne ve arkaya do\u011fru de\u011fi\u015fen e\u011fimlere sahiptir. \u00d6zellikle birden fazla seviyede ciddi disk dejenerasyonu omurgan\u0131n \u015feklini etkileyebilir. Lordoz kayb\u0131 veya daha k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc kifoz olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 durumlarda boyun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde deforme olabilir ve <strong>ku\u011fu boynu deformitesi<\/strong> olu\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-the-symptoms-of-the-cervical-disc-herniation\">Servikal disk herniasyonunun belirtileri nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d28b0ebf04d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d28b0ebf04d\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/cervical-disc-herniation-content-3.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-540\" style=\"width:568px;height:auto\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-neck-pain\">Boyun a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Boyun a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, servikal disk herniasyonunun en yayg\u0131n belirtisidir. A\u011fr\u0131 mekaniktir, yani boyun hareketleri ile tetiklenir veya k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fir. Bir ba\u015fka tipik \u00f6zellik de so\u011fu\u011fa tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda daha k\u00f6t\u00fc, yaz aylar\u0131nda ise biraz daha iyi hisseder. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-radiculopathy\">Radik\u00fclopati<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Radik\u00fclopati sinir k\u00f6k\u00fc s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir ve n\u00f6ropatik a\u011fr\u0131, uyu\u015fma (hipoestezi) ve g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck (parezi) \u015feklinde kendini g\u00f6sterir. Her sinir k\u00f6k\u00fc, koldaki belirli deri b\u00f6lgesine ve belirli kaslara innervasyon sa\u011flar. Bu nedenle her radik\u00fclopatinin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir klinik &#8220;imzas\u0131&#8221; vard\u0131r. Bu durumu fark etmek ve hasarl\u0131 k\u00f6k\u00fc bulmak klinisyenin ana g\u00f6revidir. Genellikle radik\u00fcler a\u011fr\u0131 ve uyu\u015fma ayn\u0131 cilt b\u00f6lgesindedir ve bu nedenle uyu\u015fma fark edilmeyebilir. Ancak hastalar genellikle g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn (parezi) fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u0130lerlemi\u015f vakalarda kas erimesi (atrofi) geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-myelopathy\">Miyelopati <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Servikal spondilotik miyelopati, disk dejenerasyonunun omurilikte mekanik s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmaya neden oldu\u011fu durumu ifade eder. Akut veya kronik olabilir. Miyelopatinin tipik semptomlar\u0131 uyu\u015fma, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck, ataksi (denge kayb\u0131), reflekslerde art\u0131\u015f ve idrar ka\u00e7\u0131rmad\u0131r. Bu semptomlar genellikle bilateraldir (her iki tarafta da mevcuttur). Akut miyelopati genellikle disk herniasyonunda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, kronik durumu servikal kanal stenozu i\u00e7in tipiktir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yava\u015f ilerlemesi nedeniyle hastalar, \u00f6zellikle a\u011fr\u0131 \u00e7ok de\u011filse, semptomlar\u0131n\u0131 disk dejenerasyonuyla ili\u015fkilendiremeyebilirler. Omurilikte ilerleyici atrofi olan baz\u0131 vakalarda hastalar a\u011fr\u0131 hissini kaybeder ve bu da te\u015fhisi daha da geciktirir. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman semptomlar\u0131 normal ya\u015flanman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcrler ve genellikle semptomlar olduk\u00e7a \u015fiddetli oldu\u011funda t\u0131bbi yard\u0131ma ba\u015fvurular. Kronik miyelopatide el kaslar\u0131nda atrofi tipiktir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bazen kronik miyelopatinin \u00f6zellikleri \u00e7ok belirgin de\u011fildir ve hastalar bunlar\u0131n fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir. Bu durumlarda nispeten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck travmalar feci sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir. Servikal stenoz, omurili\u011fin kanal i\u00e7inde hareket etme kabiliyetini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir darbe bile \u015fiddetli yaralanmalara neden olabilir. Hastalarda basit bir darbe sonucunda \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r n\u00f6rolojik semptomlar geli\u015febilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-miscellaneous\">Di\u011fer <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadir durumlarda, osteofitler beyni besleyen vertebral arterlerin dinamik rotasyonel kompresyonuna neden olabilir &#8211; bow hunter sendromu. Bu hastalar beyne yetersiz kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan muzdariptir ve semptomlar ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi, vertigo ve hatta fel\u00e7tir. Omurgan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki kemik \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 yemek borusuna bask\u0131 yapabilir ve hastalar yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (disfaji) ya\u015fayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-is-the-diagnosis-of-cervical-disc-herniation-made\">Servikal disk herniasyonu tan\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131l konur?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Servikal disk herniasyonu tan\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6zenli klinik muayene ve radyolojik de\u011ferlendirme ile konur. Her ikisi de \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ve birbirini tamaml\u0131yor. Klinik ve radyolojik bulgular aras\u0131ndaki herhangi bir tutars\u0131zl\u0131k doktoru uyarmal\u0131 ve gerekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015flatmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak te\u015fhis hatalar\u0131na ve tedavi fiyaskolar\u0131na neden olur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-clinical-examination\">Klinik Muayene<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tan\u0131dan \u015f\u00fcphelenmek i\u00e7in uygun \u00f6yk\u00fc ve muayene yeterlidir. Hastalar defisitlerin fark\u0131nda olmayabilece\u011finden, tam motor ve duyusal de\u011ferlendirme ile n\u00f6rolojik muayene kesinlikle gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-history-of-the-disease\">Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6yk\u00fc ileti\u015fimin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan itibaren de\u011ferli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. Dejeneratif servikal hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n en tutarl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerinden biri mekanik boyun a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kol a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 genellikle sinir k\u00f6k\u00fc ve\/veya omurilik tutulumunun i\u015faretidir. N\u00f6rolojik defisitler, \u00f6zellikle de \u015fiddetli olanlar, hassas n\u00f6ral dokunun (k\u00f6kler veya omurilik) s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eder ve klinisyeni uyarmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-clinical-examination-0\">Klinik Muayene<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Dejeneratif servikal omurga hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilinen veya \u015f\u00fcphelenilen hastalar\u0131n klinik muayenesi n\u00f6rolojik muayene ve \u00e7e\u015fitli spesifik testleri i\u00e7ermelidir. N\u00f6rolojik muayene temel olarak duyusal ve motor defisitlerin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na odaklan\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, her spinal sinir k\u00f6k\u00fc koldaki belirli cilt b\u00f6lgesine ve kaslara innervasyon sa\u011flar. Bu nedenle dikkatli bir n\u00f6rolojik muayene hangi sinir k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn tehlikede oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilir. Elbette n\u00f6rolojik defisitin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve derecesi tedavi plan\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda ana fakt\u00f6rlerdir. Minimal n\u00f6rolojik defisiti olan veya hi\u00e7 olmayan hastalar konservatif tedaviye tabi tutulurken, ciddi veya h\u0131zla geli\u015fen n\u00f6rolojik defisitler acil cerrahi m\u00fcdahale gerektirir. Atrofi, artm\u0131\u015f diz refleksleri ve ataksi neredeyse her zaman miyelopati ile ili\u015fkilidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Servikal disk herniasyonu i\u00e7in en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan testlerden biri Spurling testidir. Bu test s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasta kafas\u0131na e\u011fik pozisyonda mekanik bir kuvvet uygulan\u0131r. A\u011fr\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karsa test pozitiftir. Bunun tersi ise \u00e7ekme testidir. Bu test s\u0131ras\u0131nda hastan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 hafif\u00e7e yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekilir. A\u011fr\u0131 azal\u0131r veya kaybolursa test pozitiftir. \u00dcst Ekstremite Gerilim Testleri de servikal disk hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fhisi i\u00e7in klinik olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-radiological-evaluation\">Radyolojik de\u011ferlendirme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Radyolojik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme, de\u011ferlendirmenin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Modern radyolojik ara\u00e7lar dejeneratif servikal hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak te\u015fhis edebilir. Tedavi plan\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmezdirler. Dejeneratif omurga hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli radyolojik y\u00f6ntemler vard\u0131r. Her y\u00f6ntemin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-mri\">MRG<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d28b0ec0759&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d28b0ec0759\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/cervical-disc-herniation-content-5.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-542\" style=\"width:453px;height:auto\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Omurili\u011fe bask\u0131 yapan b\u00fcy\u00fck servikal disk herniasyonunu g\u00f6steren sagital T2 MRG <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Servikal omurgan\u0131n MRG&#8217;si tercih edilen tan\u0131sal testtir. Her \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fczlemde de omurgan\u0131n en iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc verir. \u00c7e\u015fitli MRG sekanslar\u0131, patolojinin farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MRG&#8217;nin \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 avantajlar\u0131ndan biri disk eklemini do\u011frudan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilmesidir. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 diskler T2W g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerde beyaz, dejenere diskler ise siyah g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. MR&#8217;da herniasyon, spinal stenoz, ligament\u00f6z hipertrofi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ayr\u0131ca k\u0131r\u0131k, enflamasyon, t\u00fcm\u00f6r vb. di\u011fer patolojilerin ay\u0131rt edilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-x-ray\">R\u00f6ntgen<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d28b0ec1004&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d28b0ec1004\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/cervical-disc-herniation-content-4.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-541\" style=\"width:453px;height:auto\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"B\u00fcy\u00fct\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bu yan boyun r\u00f6ntgeninde bir \u00e7ok diskte y\u00fckseklik kayb\u0131, osteofit olu\u015fumu ve kifotik deformiteye yol a\u00e7an dejenerasyonu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00f6ntgenler kemikleri, \u00f6zellikle de boyun omurgas\u0131n\u0131n hizalanmas\u0131, deformite varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kemik \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, disk aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n daralmas\u0131, omur kaymas\u0131 vb. hakk\u0131nda iyi bilgiler sa\u011flar. Disk ekleminin kendisi veya disk herniasyonu gibi yumu\u015fak dokular\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyemez. R\u00f6ntgenin avantajlar\u0131ndan biri, ayakta dururken, \u00f6ne ver arkaya e\u011filerek \u00e7e\u015fitli pozisyonlarda \u00e7ekilebilmesidir. Bu t\u00fcr bir dinamik de\u011ferlendirme baz\u0131 se\u00e7ilmi\u015f durumlarda faydal\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ct-scan\">BT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>BT de r\u00f6ntgen \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r ancak \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir. R\u00f6ntgen gibi kemik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesi i\u00e7in uygundur. K\u0131r\u0131klar, hizalanma bozulmalar\u0131, kemik erozyonlar\u0131 ve osteofitler BT ile \u00e7ok daha iyi g\u00f6sterilir. Daha iyi g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme i\u00e7in ham taramadan 3D g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri olu\u015fturmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-emg-and-nerve-conduction-studies\">EMG ve sinir iletim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>EMG, sinir iletimi ve uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f potansiyel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, tan\u0131 \u015f\u00fcpheli ise radik\u00fclopati veya miyelopati varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 durumlarda yap\u0131labilir. Bununla birlikte, pratik faydalar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar radik\u00fclopatiyi periferik sinir s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sendromlar\u0131ndan ay\u0131rt etmede yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-next-cervical-disc-herniation-treatment\">Sonraki <a href=\"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/boyun-fitigi-tedavisi\/\">Boyun F\u0131t\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tedavisi<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nedenlerini, semptomlar\u0131n\u0131 ve tan\u0131sal yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 detayland\u0131ran kapsaml\u0131 k\u0131lavuzumuzda servikal disk hernisi hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3693,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24,31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hastaliklar","category-omurga-hastaliklari"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2746"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamranaghayev.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}